Basic Memory Mapping in SoC

Memory map or Address map gives information regarding how much address locations that a processor can access. The memory map shown below is taken from the ARM principles of Memory map whitepaper. Figure 1 shows a memory map or an address map organization for a typical SoC.

Figure 1: 32-bit memory map 

Figure 2: Versatile version of the 32bit ARM CPU Memory map

Address map consists of

• Boot ROM: This Boot ROM address region for ARM CPU 32bit to start from 0x0000_0000 or 0xFFFF_0000
• ROM, RAM, SoC I/O: This address region is recommended to align with 64KB and consists of Internal ROM, SRAM, static memory, SoC peripheral registers 
• Mapped I/O and additional SoC I/O: Address region of mapped I/O like PCIe
• DRAM address space: The address space recommended for DRAM should be contiguous and needs to  be placed near the high address region  of the memory map  

Reference:

[1] Principles of ARM Memory Maps [White Paper]

http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.den0001c/DEN0001C_principles_of_arm_memory_maps.pdf